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TEE701: SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION Unit I: Introduction to power system: Introduction to protective system and its elements, function of protective relaying, protective zones, primary and backup protection, desirable qualities of protective relaying, basic terminology. Relays: Electromagnetic, attraction and induction type relays, thermal relay, gas actuated relay. Unit II: Relay Applications and characteristics: Amplitude and phase comparators, over current relays, directional relays, distance relays, differential relays. Static relays: Comparison with electromagnetic relays, classification and their description, over current relays, directional relays, distance relays, differential relays. Unit III: Protection of transmission line: Time graded protection, differential and distance protection of feeders, choice between impedance, reactance and MHO relays, Elementary idea about carrier current protection of lines, protection of bus, auto reclosing, pilot wire protection. Unit IV: Circuit Braking: Arc phenomenon, properties of arc, arc extinction theories, recovery voltage and restriking voltage, current chopping, resistance switching, capacitance current interruption, circuit breaker ratings. Testing of circuit breakers: Classification, testing station & equipments, testing procedure, direct and indirect testing.
Unit V: Apparatus protection: Types of faults on alternator, stator and rotor protection, negative sequence protection, loss of excitation and overload protection. Types of fault on transformers, percentage differential protection, isolated neutral system, grounded neutral system and selection of neutral grounding. Circuit breakers: Need of circuit breakers, types of circuit breakers, operating modes, principles of construction, details of Air Blast, Bulk Oil, Minimum Oil, SF6, Vacuum Circuit Breakers, DC circuit breakers. Text Books: 1.
Switchgear and protection Sunil S. Rao, Khanna Publishers Power System Engg. Soni Gupta & Bhatnagar, Dhanpat Rai & Sons A course in Electrical Power, C.L.
Wadhawa, New Age International Power system protection and switchgear, B. Ram, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
Reference Books: 1. Power system protection & switchgear, Badriram & D.V. Vishwakarma, TMH 2.
Switchgear & Protection, M.V. Deshpande, TMH TEE702: ANN AND FUZZY LOGIC Unit-I Neural Networks-1(Introduction & Architecture): Neuron, Nerve structure and synapse, Artificial Neuron and its model, activation functions, Neural network architecture: single layer and multilayer feed forward networks, recurrent networks. Various learning techniques; perception and convergence rule, Auto-associative and hetro-associative memory Unit-II Neural Networks-II (Back propogation networks): Architecture: perceptron model, solution, single layer artificial neural network, multilayer perception model; back propogation learning methods, effect of learning rule co-efficient;back propogation algorithm, factors affecting back propagation training, applications. Unit-III Fuzzy Logic-I (Introduction): Basic concepts of fuzzy logic, Fuzzy sets and Crisp sets, Fuzzy set theory versus probability theory, Fuzzy set theory and operations, Properties of fuzzy sets, Fuzzy and Crisp relations, Fuzzy to Crisp conversion.
Unit-IV Fuzzy Logic –II (Fuzzy Membership, Rules): Membership functions, interference in fuzzy logic, fuzzy if-then rules, Fuzzy implications and Fuzzy algorithms, Fuzzyfications & Defuzzifications, Fuzzy Controller, Unit-V Application of Neural Network and Fuzzy logic: Application of neural network, case study, Inverted pendulum, Image processing. Introduction to neuro & fuzzy logic controller. Text Books: 1. Kumar Satish, “Neural Networks” Tata Mc Graw Hill 2. Zurada, ‘Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems’, Jaico Publishing home, 2002. Rajsekaran & G.A.
Vijayalakshmi Pai, “Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithm: Synthesis and Applications” Prentice Hall of India. Reference Books: 1. Siman Haykin,”Neural Networks ”Prentice Hall of India. Moore, Digital control devices, ISA press, 1986. Ross, “Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications” Wiley India. TEE703: FACTS DEVICES Unit I: FACTS: Concept, power flow and stability, basic theory of line compensation Power Electronic Controllers: Review of PWM voltage source inverters used in FACTS, classifications of FACTS controllers. Unit II: Static Shunt Compensators: SVC and STATCOM - TCR, TSC, system stability.
Static Series Compensators: GCSC, TSSC, TCSC and SSSC, control techniques. Unit III: Static Voltage and Phase Angle Regulators: Power flow control, TCVR and TCPAR. Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC): Concept of power flow control, operation control of UPFC, Interline Power Flow Controller. And Unit IV: Stability Analysis: Modeling of FACTS devices, optimization of FACTS, transient and dynamic stability enhancement Unit V: Applications of FACTS controller: Principle of control of FACTS in HVDC links, coordination of FACTS devices with HVDC links, case study. Advanced FACTS devices. T., “Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS)”, IEE Press.
And Gyugyi L., “Understanding FACTS”, IEEE Press, Standard Publishers Distributors. And Ledwich G., “Power Quality Enhancement Using Custom Power Devices,” Kluwer Academic Publishers.
K., “Thyristor – Based FACTS Controllers for Electrical Transmission Systems,” John Wiley and Sons. R., “FACTS Controller in Power Transmission and Distribution”, New Age International Private Limited. E., “Reactive Power Control in Electric Systems,” Wiley-Interscience.
TEE011: UTILIZATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY AND TRACTION Unit I: Electric Heating Advantage & methods of electric heating, Resistance heating, Electric arc heating, Induction heating, Dielectric heating, Unit II: Electric Welding Electric arc welding, electric resistance welding, Electric Welding control, Electrolyte Process: Principal of Electro deposition, laws of Electrolysis, application Electrolysis. Unit No III: Illumination Various definition, laws of Illumination, requirement of good lighting, Design of indoor lighting & outdoor lighting system.
About The Book Switchgear Protection and Power Systems details the principles and practices of modern power system engineering. The book contains complex phenomena coupled with switchgear, protection, fault calculation, power system analysis-operation-control-automation, digital relays, microprocessor-based relays and microprocessor-based integrated control and protection systems, energy systems, electrical safety, and applications of switchgear.
The book also briefs old conventional protection and switching devices in conjunction with new type of devices and techniques. The new chapters like switchgear applications, electrical safety, recent advances in intelligent circuit breakers, applications of fiber-optics cable, compact intelligent substations, ISO-9000, and TQMI are useful additions. The book overviews EHV-AC and HVDC Transmission systems, power system automation in conjunction with SCADA systems and power system planning, India’s recent power map, protection using microprocessor, and a chapter on energy technology, which covers the renewable and non-conventional and conventional technologies. It also illustrates the correlation between the energy sector and the power sector.
The book includes calculations on power systems and load flow studies. Switchgear Protection And Power Systems consists of simple solved examples on principle and procedures of network calculations and load flow studies. It can also be used as a reference guide by students of electrical engineering, engineers in electricity boards, consultants, and by professionals in the switchgear industry and power sector.